Waterloo, Quebec Population & Demographics: Is It a Good Place to Live?

Data source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population — View the official Waterloo census dataset on Statistics Canada

This article shows the demographic data and statistics of Waterloo. It is a town in Canada that encompasses a land area of 12.23 km2. The town has a population density of 402.20 people per km2.

We highlight the Waterloo town's various population characteristics. From gender, age distribution, ethnicity, household and dwelling, and income to spoken languages, occupation, and religion.

Waterloo on the Map

Waterloo location on the map. View in Google Map

Population Characteristics

According to the latest census, Waterloo has a population of around 4,920 people. The town's population is in increased. Between 2016 and 2021, the population of Waterloo has increased by ▲ 11.56%.

Population in 2016Population in 2021Difference
4,4104,920 +11.56%

2026 Population Projection

Based on the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.21% observed between the 2016 and 2021 censuses, Waterloo's population is projected to reach approximately 5,489 people by 2026, with a projected population density of around 448.81 people per km².

Population in 2021Projected Population in 2026Projected Density in 2026 (per km²)
4,9205,489448.81

This projection is an estimate calculated by CAPopulation from the compound annual growth rate between the 2016 and 2021 censuses. Official 2026 complete census data expected to be released in late 2027.

Waterloo Population Trend & Context

Waterloo had a 2021 census population of 4,920 — an increase of 510 (▲ 11.56%) people from the 4,410 recorded in 2016.

The town's population has grown steadily over this period, reflecting broader growth trends among Quebec towns. The town's median age of 42.8 years closely mirrors the national median of 41.9, suggesting a demographic profile in line with the Canadian average.

Population By Genders

The male population of Waterloo is around 2,405 while the female population is around 2,515.

Of the 4,920 total population in Waterloo, the largest gender is female with around 2,515 female within the population.

MaleFemaleDifference
2,4052,515 +4.37%

Is Waterloo a Good Place to Live?

Based on 2021 Statistics Canada Census data, here's how Waterloo compares across key quality-of-life indicators — measured against Quebec, its own province. Draw your own conclusions from the actual numbers.

Employment & Economy

6.9%
Unemployment rate
0.7 pts below the province
56.6%
Employment rate
2.7 pts below the province
61.0%
Participation rate
3.1 pts below the province

Income & Affordability

$59,200
Median household income
$13,300 below the province
16.0%
Below low-income threshold (LIM-AT)
4.1 pts above the province

Commute

73.2%
Commute under 30 minutes
6.9 pts above the province
90.7%
Commute by car
8.3 pts above the province
0.0%
Commute by public transit
9.0 pts below the province

Housing Character

42.0%
Single-detached houses
2.6 pts below the province
37.7%
Apartments (any building size)
8.7 pts below the province

Household Composition

2.10 people
Average household size
0.10people below the province
40.0%
One-person households
4.9 pts above the province

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

Waterloo Population Compared to Quebec

Quebec's population in 2021 was 8,501,833, spread across the area. Here's how Waterloo compares to the town's key indicators:

IndicatorWaterlooQuebec
Median household income$59,200$72,500
Unemployment rate6.9%7.6%
Median age42.843.2
Bachelor's degree or higher14.3%26.5%
Immigrants (%)3.4%14.6%

Population by Age Characteristics

Waterloo has an aging population. The majority of the population is people aged 60 to 64 years old, accounting for 8.10% of the total population. The town median age is 42.80.

DataMaleFemaleDifferenceTotal
60 to 64 years195 8.10%205 8.20% 4.88%400 8.10%
55 to 59 years185 7.70%200 8.00% 7.50%385 7.80%
65 to 69 years175 7.30%175 7.00% 0.00%345 7.00%
5 to 9 years170 7.10%170 6.80% 0.00%335 6.80%
10 to 14 years170 7.10%155 6.20% 8.82%325 6.60%
40 to 44 years165 6.90%155 6.20% 6.06%320 6.50%
30 to 34 years155 6.40%145 5.80% 6.45%300 6.10%
35 to 39 years140 5.80%155 6.20% 9.68%290 5.90%
25 to 29 years135 5.60%145 5.80% 6.90%285 5.80%
15 to 19 years125 5.20%145 5.80% 13.79%265 5.40%
45 to 49 years120 5.00%130 5.20% 7.69%255 5.20%
50 to 54 years130 5.40%120 4.80% 7.69%250 5.10%
0 to 4 years135 5.60%115 4.60% 14.81%245 5.00%
70 to 74 years120 5.00%120 4.80% 0.00%240 4.90%
20 to 24 years115 4.80%100 4.00% 13.04%215 4.40%
75 to 79 years85 3.50%115 4.60% 26.09%200 4.10%
80 to 84 years55 2.30%90 3.60% 38.89%145 2.90%
85 years and over35 1.50%75 3.00% 53.33%110 2.20%

Broader Age Groups

If the town's population is divided into broader age groups, most of the population falls into the 15 to 64 years age group. The group accounts for 60.30% of the population. The other age groups, 65 years and over and 0 to 14 years, account for 21.20% and 18.50%, respectively.

If we look at the population data from the broader age groups, we can see that most people in Waterloo are within the 15 to 64 years age group.

DataMaleFemaleTotal
15 to 64 years60.70%60.00%60.30%
65 years and over19.50%22.70%21.20%
0 to 14 years19.50%17.50%18.50%

Population of Waterloo by Ethnicity and Origin

The population of Waterloo is quite diverse, which contributes to the town's vibrant cultural landscape. Waterloo is inclusive and accepts various ethnic groups with open arms. Furthermore, the town appreciates the unique contributions that each ethnicity brings.

The top 5 ethnicities and origins in Waterloo are Canadian, which accounts for 42.23% of the total population, followed by French (23.25%), French Canadian (7.51%), Irish (6.05%), and English (4.07%).

Other ethnicities and origins in Waterloo include European, Caucasian (White), Scottish, Christian, n.i.e., and German.

Ethnicity and OriginMaleFemalePercentage in Population
Canadian40.43%43.81%42.23%
French24.09%22.52%23.25%
French Canadian8.17%7.10%7.51%
Irish5.38%6.90%6.05%
English2.80%5.27%4.07%
European3.01%2.23%2.71%
Caucasian (White)3.23%1.83%2.50%
Scottish2.58%2.23%2.40%
Christian, n.i.e.1.72%2.43%1.98%
German1.72%1.22%1.46%

Indigenous Identity in Waterloo

About 1.67% of Waterloo's population (80 people) identify with an Indigenous identity, compared to 98.33% who report a non-Indigenous identity.

Of the Indigenous population, 10 people (0.20% of the total population) hold Registered or Treaty Indian status.

Indigenous identity
1.67%
Non-Indigenous identity
98.33%

Immigration Profile

Immigration patterns vary a great deal from one area to another, which makes this data one of the more distinctive parts of Waterloo's population profile.

About 3.4% of Waterloo's population are immigrants (165 people).

The top countries of origin for Waterloo's immigrant population are France (45), United States of America (20), Morocco (15), Brazil (0), Colombia (0).

Only using 25% sample data.
Country of BirthPopulation
France45
United States of America20
Morocco15
Brazil0
Colombia0

98.5% of Waterloo's residents (4,725 people) are Canadian citizens, and 1.6% are not.

By generation status, 4.2% of residents are first generation (born outside Canada), 4.4% are second generation, and 91.6% are third generation or more.

Household and Dwelling Characteristics

About 940 of Waterloo's population live in a single-detached house. In addition, most of them are living in 1 person household.

Household Size

About 20.00% of the population lives in 1 person households. 2 persons households ranked second, accounting for 16.85% of the population. 3 persons, 4 persons, and 5 or more persons households account for 5.25%, 4.35%, and 3.70%, respectively.

Number of Person(s) in HouseholdTotalPercentage
1 person89520.00%
2 persons75516.85%
3 persons2355.25%
4 persons1954.35%
5 or more persons1653.70%

Family and Household Structure in Waterloo

Of census families in Waterloo, 80.8% are couple families and 19.2% are one-parent families. The average census family has 2.9 people.

Couple families
80.84%
One-parent families
19.16%

40.0% of households in Waterloo are one-person households, 44.4% are couple-family households, 10.0% are one-parent-family households, and 0.9% are multigenerational households.

Household TypeHouseholdsPercentage
One-person households89540.0%
Couple-family households99544.4%
One-parent-family households22510.0%
Multigenerational households200.9%

Income in Waterloo

Analyzing income distribution in Waterloo can help us better understand its socioeconomic dynamics.

Per Capita Income

According to 2020 data, the median personal income within Waterloo is $36,400.

A region's per capita data sheds light on the average income earned per person living in it. Since per capita income is calculated by dividing the region's total income by its population, it quantifies the population's economic situation on an individual basis.

Such data offers insights into the town's economic performance, spread of income across individuals, quality of life, as well as disparities within its borders.

Most of Waterloo population or around 720 people falls in the $10,000 to $29,999 group. The next largest groups are the $30,000 to $49,999, and $50,000 to $79,999 with around 625 and 515 people, respectively.

Household Income

The Waterloo's median household income is $59,200, according to 2020 data.

Below national average Waterloo's median household income is 24,800 dollars below the Canadian national median of $84,000 (2020 data, 2021 Census).

The data provides important insights into the town's economic landscape as well as the living standards of its population.

Analyzing such data enables researchers, policymakers, and businesses to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the town's income distribution, disparities, and trends.

Education Levels in Waterloo

This data sheds light on the distribution of Waterloo residents across educational milestones.

Such information is crucial in shaping the province’s policies on education, workforce development strategies, and initiatives that aim to improve access to quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities.

52.80% or most of the Waterloo population has a Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. 25.40% of the population has a No certificate, diploma or degree, and 21.70% has a High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate. (Individual figures may not sum to exactly 100% due to Statistics Canada's random rounding of small-area 25% sample data.)

Population aged 25 to 64 years, using 25% sample data. Individual values may not sum exactly to totals due to Statistics Canada's random rounding.
DegreeMenWomenTotalPercentage
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree6306651,30052.80%
No certificate, diploma or degree38024062525.40%
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate26027553521.70%

Below national average 15.9% of Waterloo's population has a bachelor's degree or higher, compared to the national average of 32.9% (Canada, 2021 Census).

Employment in Waterloo

This dataset provides a snapshot of employment trends in Waterloo. It encompasses a wide range of sectors, industries, as well as job categories.

The data shows that the unemployment rate in Waterloo is at 6.96% which is quite high.

Only using 25% sample data.
StatusPercentage
Employment rate56.61%
Unemployment rate6.96%

Work Activity During the Reference Year

Of the population aged 15 and over in Waterloo, 31.3% worked full year full time in the reference year, 31.3% worked part year and/or part time, and 37.4% did not work.

Only using 25% sample data.
Work ActivityPopulationPercentage
Worked full year full time1,22031.3%
Worked part year and/or part time1,22031.3%
Did not work1,45537.4%

Working as an Employee

The table shows the data on the total number of individuals in the town who work as an employee. The majority of Waterloo's population (around 75.50%) are working permanent position as an employee.

Self-employed

In the town, there are 120 men and 110 women working as self-employed individuals, bringing the total number to 230.

Only using 25% sample data.
StatusMenWomenTotal
Self-employed120110230

Employment Industry Sectors

The Waterloo industry employment sector census data offers insights into the region's economic landscape. The distribution of employment in Waterloo is categorized and quantified, which reveals the region's economic composition.

Waterloo has a wide range of industries. Most of its population (18%) works in the manufacturing sector. The Retail trade sector comes second at 13%, followed by Health care and social assistance at 10%.

Only using 25% sample data.
IndustryMenWomenPercentage
Manufacturing29015018%
Retail trade13017013%
Health care and social assistance2521510%
Accommodation and food services551358%
Educational services501308%
Construction13506%
Other services (except public administration)70606%
Professional, scientific and technical services75555%
Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services75355%
Public administration50504%
Transportation and warehousing60304%
Wholesale trade35203%
Finance and insurance20403%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting15202%
Arts, entertainment and recreation30152%
Information and cultural industries30102%
Utilities1001%
Real estate and rental and leasing1501%
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction000%
Management of companies and enterprises000%

Labour Market Snapshot

A quick snapshot of where Waterloo residents work — the leading industry sectors employing them, and the broad occupation categories they work in.

Top employer sectors in Waterloo: Manufacturing (18%), Retail trade (13%), Health care and social assistance (10%)

Top occupation categories in Waterloo: Sales and service occupations (26%), Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations (20%), Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services (12%)

Places of Work

The data offers insights into the commuting patterns as well as workplace distribution in the town. It provides a snapshot of workplaces, showing their geographic distribution and the flow of workers across different areas.

Only using 25% sample data.
Work LocationMenWomenTotalPercentage
Usual place of work8158201,63574.10%
Worked at home12519532014.50%
No fixed workplace address1707525011.30%
Worked outside Canada0000.00%

Commuting

The data sheds light on how Waterloo residents travel to school or work. It highlights the frequency of different modes of transportation like walking, cycling, carpooling, and public transit.

The data is pivotal in the making of transportation policies as well as the development of transit systems. Ultimately commuting data contributes to improving the quality of life of Waterloo residents and sustainable urban planning.

Commuting Duration

This data reveals the average time that the residents of Waterloo spend traveling to their workplaces. It also sheds light on the efficiency of the town's public transit systems, and road networks, as well as the accessibility of the town.

Only using 25% sample data.
DurationPercentage
15 to 29 minutes39.00%
Less than 15 minutes34.20%
30 to 44 minutes18.30%
45 to 59 minutes4.80%
60 minutes and over4.00%

Marital Status

The statistics on marital status in Waterloo shed light on its societal dynamics. It captures the diverse types of marital statuses of the population.

Long-term commitments, such as common-law partnerships, civil unions, and marriages, reflect the town's social fabric. We can gain insights into Waterloo's changing preferences and norms by examining the trends in marital status.

Married or living common-law
53.62%
Married or living common-law
46.38%

Language Spoken

The data below highlights town's linguistic diversity, showing elegances of solo language as well as bilingual harmonies. Other than language, it also shows the cultural landscape in Canada.

French is the most spoken official language in Waterloo. About 4,145 people living in the town speak French, 650 people speak English, 50 people speak English and French language, and 0 people speak Neither English nor French language.

LanguagePopulation
French4,145
English650
English and French50
Neither English nor French0

Knowledge of Official Languages

About 44.5% of Waterloo's population is bilingual, knowing both English and French. 5.2% know English only, 50.4% know French only, and 0.1% know neither official language.

Knowledge of Official LanguagesPopulationPercentage
English only2505.2%
French only2,44050.4%
English and French2,15544.5%
Neither English nor French50.1%

Mother Tongue & Home Language

Useful for newcomers researching an area: this shows the language residents first learned at home in childhood (mother tongue) and the language they speak most often at home now, which can differ as families settle in.

LanguageMother TongueSpoken Most Often at Home
French83.1%84.2%
English12.7%12.8%
Non-official languages1.5%0.4%

Religion

Waterloo is predominantly Christian. About 3,085 of its population is Christian (1,450 males and 1,635 females).

The second largest religion in the town is Muslim with 0.9% of the population adhering to the religion. There are also Buddhist and Jewish, both represent 0.2% and 0.2% of the population, while Hindu represent 0.0% of the population.

ReligionPopulation
Christian64.3%
Islam0.9%
Buddhist0.2%
Jewish0.2%
Hindu0.0%
Sikh0.0%

Points of Interest in Waterloo

Schools

Parks

Community Centres

Green Spaces in Waterloo

NameTypeApprox. Area
Parc du carré FosterParks0.6 ha
Place du CentenaireParks0.2 ha
Parc de la CabooseParks0.6 ha
Parc des GénerationsParks1.3 ha
Parc RobinsonParks3.9 ha
Parc Wilfrid-ÉmondParks0.2 ha

Areas are approximate, calculated from OpenStreetMap boundary data.

Nearest Towns to Waterloo

Frequently Asked Questions about Waterloo

According to the 2021 Statistics Canada Census, Waterloo has a population of 4,920 people, making it the 154th town in Quebec. The population increased significantly from 4,410 in 2016, an increase of 510 people or 11.56%. The town has a population density of 402.2 people per km² across a land area of 12.23 km². The 2026 Census results are expected from Statistics Canada beginning February 2027.

Waterloo's population grew by 11.56% between the 2016 and 2021 censuses — from 4,410 to 4,920 people, a gain of 510 residents. This growth is above average compared to many other Quebec towns during this period. The median age of 42.80 years suggests a mature, established community. The relatively high proportion of one-person households (40.0%) may indicate young adults leaving for larger centres. Official 2026 Census data, which will confirm whether this trend continued, is expected from Statistics Canada in February 2027.

Waterloo has a population density of approximately 402.20 people per square kilometre.

Waterloo covers a land area of approximately 12.23 km².

The median age of the population in Waterloo is 42.80 years.

The largest ethnic or cultural origin group in Waterloo is Canadian.

The median household income in Waterloo is $59,200, based on 2020 data.

French is the most common first official language spoken in Waterloo.

Christian is the predominant religion in Waterloo.

According to the 2021 Census, 1.7% of Waterloo's population identifies with an Indigenous identity.

98.5% of Waterloo's residents are Canadian citizens, based on 2021 Census data.

One-parent families make up 19.1% of census families in Waterloo, according to the 2021 Census.

Multigenerational households make up 0.9% of all households in Waterloo, per the 2021 Census.

44.5% of Waterloo's population knows both English and French, based on 2021 Census data on knowledge of official languages.

Of the population aged 15 and over in Waterloo, 31.3% worked full year full time in the 2021 Census reference year.

Statistics Canada (statcan.gc.ca) conducted the 2026 Census of Population in May 2026. However, census data goes through an extensive processing, validation, and quality-assurance period before public release. Based on the release plan, the 2026 Census results begin rolling out on February 10, 2027, with complete community-level profiles available by December 1, 2027. Until then, this page uses 2021 Census data as its primary source, supplemented by a population projection estimate for 2026 calculated using the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) from the 2016–2021 Census period.